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度人經 Duren jing
Engelse titel: Scripture on Salvation
Bokenkamp geeft de volgende beschrijving: The Duren jing (full title: Lingbao wuliang duren shangpin miaojing 靈寶無量度人 上品妙經 or Wondrous Scripture of the Upper Chapters of the Numinous Treasure on Limitless Salvation) is the first scripture in the Ming Taoist Canon (DZ 1).
The first chapter of this work formed part of the original Lingbao scriptures, codified in the fifth century, while the remaining sixty chapters represent an expansion composed by Shenxiao Taoists early in the twelfth century.
As part of the original Lingbao corpus of the early fifth century, the Duren jing represents a Chinese response to Buddhist soteriology, particularly the idea of the bodhisattva, who vows to effect the salvation of all beings within his realm. As shown by its title, the Duren jing is concerned with du 度 (“to ferry across”), a verb which in Taoist texts refers both to the initiation of disciples and to saving those suffering in the world or in the hells. The scripture is related by the Most High Lord of the Dao (Taishang daojun 太上道君), who recounts his own ordination and receipt of the scripture from the supreme deity of Lingbao, the Celestial Worthy of Original Commencement (Yuanshi tianzun 元始天尊) in a previous world-age. Through mindful recitation of the text, preceded by a simple meditation procedure, adepts are invited to participate in the ordination and salvation of the Most High Lord both to ensure their own salvation and that of their ancestors, on whose behalf they also recite.
The scripture describes in poetic language the miraculous effects of the Celestial Worthy’s ten recitations of the scripture which radiated throughout the Thirty-two Heavens (sanshi’er tian); the origins of the Lingbao scriptures in the ethers of previous kalpa-cycles (jie); and the various gods resident within the body and in the macrocosm who participate in the salvation of the individual. Among the gods of the macrocosm are the Demon kings of the Three Realms (sanjie mowang 三界魔王, adapted from the Buddhist lord of the third realm, the tempter Māra) who test aspirants for transcendence as they ascend but allow to pass those who can properly recite the text. (Bokenkamp in Pregadio 2008 p394 - 395.
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Bokenkamp, Stephen R. (1997). Early Daoist Scriptures. University of California Press. *
ISBN10: 0520219317
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