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大道家令戒 Dadao jialing jie
Engelse titel: Commands and Admonitions for the families of the Great Dao
The Dadao jialing jie大道家令戒, carries the internal date 255. This text contains the earliest reliable confirmation that the original revelation included a Correct Unity Covenant with the Gods (Zhengyi mengwei 正一盟威) and instituted twenty-four parishes (ershisi zhi 二十四治) to govern the people. The missive refers to the founder as Zhang Daoling, a name later given currency by Ge Hong's Shenxian zhuan. (Verellen 2017 review Celestial Master van Terry Kleeman, online)
In de Daozang is de tekst opgenomen in de 正一法文天師教戒科經 Zhengyi fawen tianshi jiaojie kejing - (DZ 789)
the Scripture on the Precepts and Protocols Taught by the Celestial Master dat deel uitmaakt van de Correct Unity corpus - Commandments of the Heavenly Master from the One and Orthodox Canon. Dit is een collectie van vijf teksten over de religieuse doctrines van de Hemelse Meesters. De tweede tekst is Dadao jialing jie.
Schippers geeft de volgende samenvatting:
The Rules Governing the Family of the Tao (Dadao jialing jie) is a short treatise on the theological foundations of Heavenly Master Taoism. It recalls first the creation of the universe out of the Three Qi or Pneumata (sanqi): the Mysterious, Original, and Incipient (xuan, yuan, shi). These primordial energies were black, white, and yellow and became the Triad of Heaven, Earth, and the Tao as the Original Being. This Tao appeared throughout the ages as Laozi, the sage counselor of kings. Under the Zhou (1050-221 B.C.), he bestowed the Way of Taiping (Taiping dao) on Gan Ji. Later, Yin Xi obtained the Daode jing, and the Tao went to the Western Regions in order to convert the barbarians. Thus the True Way (zhendao) developed and flourished. In China, Laozi "newly appeared" (xinchu Laojun) and revealed the teaching of the One and Orthodox Covenant with the Powers (Zhengyi mengwei zhi dao) to Zhang Daoling in A.D. 142. But because of both the turmoil created by Zhang Jue (the leader of the Yellow Turban Revolt in A. D. 184) and the immoral behavior of the adepts, the institutions of the Way degenerated. Today, in A. D. 255, under the Wei dynasty, says the treatise, everyone should again obey the ancient rules.
This important document, which appears to be corrupt in some places, refers on page 14b to the Xiang'er commentary of the Daodejing, on 16a to the Book of the Yellow Court (Huangting sanling qiyan, and on 17a to the practice of addressing memorials to the Three Officials (Sanguan wenshu) (Schippers 2004 p121)
Bokenkamp (1997) geeft een complete vertaling en introductie in het Engels p 149-185.
Kleeman (2016) geeft een samenvatting p128-147
Literatuur en vertalingen
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Bokenkamp, Stephen R. (1997). Early Daoist Scriptures. University of California Press. *
ISBN10: 0520219317
Meer informatie...
Kleeman, Terry F. (2016). Celestial Masters: History and Ritual in Early Daoist Communities. Harvard University Asia Center. *
ISBN13: 978-0674737167
Meer informatie...
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