黄庭经 Huangting jing

Engelse titel: The Yellow Court Scripture

The text entitled after the Yellow Court is one of the most popular and influential Taoist scriptures. Dating originally from the second century, it is probably the earliest extant work describing the human body as animated by inner gods, and has given rise to commentaries and further elaborations.

The scripture exists in two main versions, called Inner (nei 內) and Outer (wai 外). The full titles of both contain the term jing 景 (light or effulgence), which refers to the luminous corporeal spirits:
- Huangting neijing jing 黃庭內景經 (Scripture of the Inner Effulgences of the Yellow Court) and - - Huangting waijing jing 黃庭外景經 (Scripture of the Outer Effulgences of the Yellow Court).
The chronological priority of the two versions is still debated.

Written in heptasyllabic meter, the Huangting jing uses a poetic and secret language. It was to be recited to expel calamities and ailments and to attain longevity and spiritual quietude. It alludes to practices aiming to achieve bodily and spiritual perfection in the yangsheng (Nourishing Life) tradition, which can be traced back to the third century bce. It probably had a mnemo-technical role in helping those who performed these practices, and is said to allow the practitioner to see the subtle forms of his viscera and his spirits, and to have deities become his servants.

The main practices alluded to in the Huangting jing are visualization of inner bodily organs and their gods, visualization and absorption of inner light, circulation of saliva or essence (jing) and pneuma (qi), visualization of astral bodies (Sun and Moon), sexual practices, and pacifying the souls and the heart-mind (xin). The Inner version gives more details on the names of the gods, some of which are similar to those found in the Han “weft texts” (weishu 緯 書). These are absent in the Outer version, a feature that could indicate that the Inner version is “esoteric” (nei) as the names of the gods are secret and their knowledge confers power. (Isabelle Robinet in Pregadio 2008 p 513-514)

De Huangting neijing jing word ook wel afgekort als de and - - Huangting waijing jing 黃庭外景經

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